Intra Ocular Pressure

“Glaucoma” is a dangerous illness which damages the optic nerve, it is because the “intraocular pressure” (IOP) is higher than the retinal ganglion cells can compromise (tolerate). This will result in the death of the ganglion cells and their axons, which is including the optic nerve. As a result of this there will be less visual impulses that can reach the brain.

In an advanced glaucoma, the visual field in the peripheral retina is decreased or lost, leaving only the vision in the central retina (macular area) which is still intact. It is called the “tunnel vision.” The increase in eye pressure occurs when too much aqueous fluid enters the eye and/but not enough of the aqueous fluid is leaving the eye. Eye pressure can be measured using “tonometry” test.

Normally, fluid enters the eye by seeping out of the blood vessels, it occurs in the ciliary body. This fluid if flowing way past the crystalline lens, through the pupil (the central opening in the iris), into the irido-corneal angle, the anatomical angle formed where the iris and the cornea come together. And the fluid passes through the trabecular meshwork in the angle and leaves the eye, via the canal of Schlemm.

If the rate of aqueous fluid entering the eye is too much, or if the trabecular meshwork “drain” gets clogged (for example, with debris or cells) that the fluid is not able to leave the eye quickly enough, the pressure is increasing in what is known as “open angle glaucoma.” It usually occurs naturally with the increasing age.

Open angle glaucoma, which is a chronic and painless condition. It can happen when the posterior portion of the iris, surrounding the pupil, adheres to the anterior surface of the lens (creating a “pupillary block”). This could deter/prevent intraocular fluid from passing through the pupil into the anterior chamber.

However, if the angle between an iris and the cornea is too narrow, or is even closed, then the fluid backs up because it cannot flow out of the eye correctly/normally. This will increase the intraocular pressure which is known as “closed angle glaucoma.” Usually, there is an acute, and sudden painful onset. It might be accompanied by the appearance of rainbow-colored rings around the white lights.

An internal pressure which is more than what the eye can tolerate can deform the lamina cribrosa, the small cartilaginous section of the sclera in the back of the eye through which the optic nerve passes. A deformed lamina cribrosa seems to “pinch” nerve fibers passing though it, it will finally causes axon death. Untreated glaucoma will result in optic atrophy and blindness.

Eye pressure is measured using a “tonometer” (and the test is called “tonometry”), and the standard tonometer generally is considered to be the “Goldmann tonometer.” The normal range of intraocular pressure (IOP) is 10 mm Hg to 21 mm Hg, with an average of about 16 mm Hg. Typically, eyes with intraocular pressure measurements of 21 mm Hg or higher, using a Goldmann tonometer, are considered to be “ocular hypertensive” and it is a possibility of glaucoma.

Although glaucoma is associated with the increase of IOP, the amount of pressure which is causing glaucoma varies from person to person and eye to eye. Many people with glaucoma actually have IOP’s in the normal range (“low tension” glaucoma), and it indicates that their lamina cribrosas are too weak to withstand even the normal amount of pressure. Conversely, some people with IOP’s which is considered to be high have actually no evidence of glaucomatous damage whatsoever.

Glaucomatous changes in the optic disk (optic nerve head) usually can be detected in the long run (over time). If the optic cup within the optic disk increases in size over a period of months or years, if notching is observed anywhere around the nerve head rim, and/or if an asymmetry is observed between the optic cups of the two eyes, then that person can be seen as a “glaucoma suspect.” In glaucoma, optic nerve rim atrophy and/or notching, with a corresponding visual field decrease, usually will occur.

Laser Eye Surgery Problems - What Are the Risks Involved?

By Jack Worthing

There are many people who think that laser eye surgery is the be all and end all when it comes to solving vision problems. What many people do not know is that many laser eye surgery problems exist and if you are planning to undergo laser treatment for your eyes soon, then you must know the possible laser eye surgery problems that can happen as a result of undergoing this very popular procedure.
Some people think that laser surgery is completely safe, as being promoted by its supporters. It is time that people become aware of the risk involved in this form of treatment so if they ever try it they know what they are getting themselves into.
Below are some of the common laser eye surgery problems that individuals have encountered in the past.
Dry Eyes
This is probably the most common side effect of laser surgery. As the name suggest, having dry eyes means the inability of the eyes to keep themselves moist. This results in irritation and even pain.
The common mode of treatment is to provide external lubrication and moisture to the eyes. Though not really serious, this condition can cause severe discomfort to individuals.
Oversensitivity to Light
Some people who have undergone eye surgery have experienced oversensitivity to light. Suffering from this condition means having difficulties seeing under broad daylight or when exposed to powerful light sources. Driving during the day becomes incredibly difficult for people suffering from oversensitivity to light.
Complete and Irreversible Blindness
The worst thing that can happen to people who will undergo surgery is to completely lose their vision. Laser is a very powerful tool...when used incorrectly, it can cause severe damage to the eyes.

If you're sick and tired of having to use glasses or contact lenses and can't afford the risk and expense of laser eye surgery, then you'd benefit from a natural way to improve eyesight. Take a look at this simple and easy to use guide that has been used successfully for years to treat eyesight problems naturally ==> How To Improve Eyesight

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Jack_Worthing 

Glaucoma

Glaucoma is the eye diseases that affect the optic nerve. There are three types, but the symptoms are similar.

The first symptom is a loss of peripheral vision. Left untreated, this condition can worsen, and lead to complete blindness. Other symptoms is severe eye pain, rainbow vision, blurred vision, headaches and nausea. If you are experiencing one of these, it is important to have a thorough eye exam preformed by an experienced optometrist.

The most common type of glaucoma is open-angle glaucoma, eyesight is lost very slowly over a long period of time. Often unnoticed due to its slow nature, open-angle glaucoma becomes a real threat. Less common is closed-angle glaucoma, in which the iris and lens of the eye prevent fluid movement between the layers. Congenital glaucoma, the rarest form, is developed in the womb. All three types of glaucoma are treatable if caught in time, but damage that has been done to the optic nerve cannot be reversed.

Further damage to the optic nerve can be prevented using various treatments. Pills, eye drops, and laser surgery options exist that can reduce or prevent future damage from occurring to the optical nerve. But care and cautious attitude towards the side effect of these procedures and treatments are also important. In addition, glasses, contact lenses, and even some surgeries can help restore your vision to its natural way of seeing things.

If you are experiencing any of the symptoms of glaucoma, please go and visit your experienced eye doctors at the Eye Clinic right away.

The 2 Best Eye Exercises - Improve Vision and Correct Vision Defects Naturally

By Samantha Land

Our eyes allow us to visualize and process images in our brain. This is why eye care is so important, but sometimes we forget how valuable our eyes are. We put a lot of stress and strain on our eyes which causes them to go bad.
When they do go bad many people turn to eye glasses, contact lenses, or even surgery to improve their vision. However some people don't like wearing glasses, some people consider contact lenses to be too uncomfortable, and others are too scared to even think of trying eye surgery.
Thankfully, a number of eye exercises have been developed over the years and they have helped a number of people to improve their vision naturally. Not only do eye exercises help you develop a better vision, but they can also help you correct vision defects as well.
One of these eye exercises you can start performing to improve your vision will only take about 3 minutes of your time. First you need to get in a comfortable position and it doesn't matter if you stand or sit. Now position your thumb about 10 inches from your face and focus on it. Now switch your focus on something else about 20 feet in front of you. Every time you take a deep breath you should switch your focus between both your thumb and the object 20 feet in front of you. This eye exercise will make the muscles in your eyes stronger over time and improve your overall vision.
Another well known eye exercise to improve your vision is referred to as palming. To perform this exercise you first need to take a few deep breaths. Now take the cup of your palm and use it to cover your closed eyes. Your fingers should be on your forehead and the heel of your hand should be resting on your cheekbone. You should be applying moderate pressure so your eyes can still blink freely. Palming is designed to relieve the stress around the eyes and relax them.
These eye exercises may not seem like much but they can make a huge difference. The best part about these eye exercises is the fact that they will only take a few minutes to perform them and you can perform them anywhere.

You can easily have the eyesight you desire using these natural techniques. Don't settle for glasses or contact lenses, and don't take a chance on your eyes with expensive and risky eye surgery.
Discover How To Improve Eyesight Naturally using all natural techniques which have been medically proven to improve your eyesight within a few weeks.
If your serious about improving your eyesight permanently and safely => Click Here.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Samantha_Land

How Daydreaming Improves Your Eyesight

By Katie Chan

There's an interesting group of sea gypsies living off the Burmese archipelago. They live half of their life on ships and therefore often dive into the sea to catch food and even pearls.
What's interesting about these people is that they can dive deep into the sea - as much as 75 feet deep - without any diving equipment. If you know a little something about diving, then you would know that it's "impossible" to dive that deep without equipment.
For one, the amount of water would shift light rays in such a way that it would not land properly onto the retina - which means you wouldn't be able to see at all.
But these sea gypsies were able to see that deep in the ocean. Scientists have always assumed that the expansion of our pupil in the sea is a reflexive reaction - but these sea gypsies contracted their pupils instead of expanded them.
How could that be?
This is but one of the many examples how our brain can adapt our eyes to see what it couldn't before. What has this got to do with you?
Fact is, your brain couldn't tell the difference between reality and daydreaming. The same neurons would fire when you see and when you imagine. Therefore imagination plays a big role in improving your eyesight. All you have to do is imagine yourself being able to see clearly without your glasses and your brain will shift its neuronal links to suit your needs.

If you like this article, you might want to join my "Perfect Vision For Life Newsletter" for free at Rebuild Your Vision - An offer available only to my EzineArticles readers.
For more articles on eye exercises, please visit my blog where I share more information on good vision habits, eye exercises and supplements I used to get rid of my glasses after having worn them for more than 15 years.

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How a Cataract Surgery is Done

By Brent McNutt

Cataract is the clouding of the lens of the eyes. It affects vision. A thin lining of cloudy natural lens is removed from the eye because it blocks the passage of light. This is how a cataract surgery is done. Cataract surgery is a harmless procedure. Every year, there are more than 1.6 Americans who undergo this treatment to repair their vision. More than half of the American population have cataract or may have been through a cataract surgery by the age of 80. Some people believe that when one eye has cataract, the other eye will definitely be next. This is a myth. Cataract doesn't spread. It can occur in either or both eyes though.
Before a cataract surgery, a patient will go through an eye examination to determine the correct power of the intraocular lens that the eye needs. It is important for the patient to mention if he is presently under some medication. The doctor will advise whether or not to continue the said medications. There are really some medications which cause problems during a cataract surgery. An example of this medicine is Flomax, which is taken by men with enlarged prostates. The patient is then given an option on what to choose over single vision intraocular lens or presbyopia-correcting intraocular lens. The patient's choice is usually dependent on some factors such as his lifestyle and ability to pay the total cost.
On the day of the surgery itself, there is a list of things to do such skipping breakfast and avoiding intake of liquids. An eye drop to dilate pupils and sedative are given prior to the actual procedure. Topical anesthesia is also given in order for the patient not to feel the pain. After the areas around the eyes were completely cleansed and after a sterile covering is put into place, at least a small cut is done into the eye to enable the surgeon to remove the cloudy lens. There are two methods to remove the cloudy lens. One is through sonically breaking up the cataract then extracted out of the eye. The other one is through mechanically breaking up the cataract into small pieces then removed from the eye through a small incision. After this, a plastic or silicon intraocular lens will replace the natural lens that was taken off the eye.
After the operation, a protective shield is placed on the eye. Then the patient is usually sent home after few minutes in the recovery room. Surgeons advise patients to apply eye drops for a number of times in a day. This goes on for few weeks depending on the surgeon's advice. Just like any other medical procedure, there are dos and don'ts patients are given to ensure effectiveness of the operation.
The price of a cataract surgery is around $3,000, exclusive of health insurance. Fortunately, HMOs, Medicare and other health insurances cover this specific surgery. It is indeed pricey however, the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery reports 98% of the patients believe it is highly recommended since it simply worked for them.

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Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Brent_McNutt

3 Simple Ways to Naturally Regain Your Eyesight

By Katie Chan 

There are many techniques involved in regaining your eyesight. The sheer amount available techniques, in fact, often overwhelm beginners and drove them to quit instead of giving it a try.
For this reason, I often like to start with simple ones and slowly introduce more advanced eye exercises. For this article, let's start with 3.
Note: I can go into a 10 pages of explanation why each of the methods I'll explain below is good for your eyesight but I know that will bore you. For now, let's focus on the techniques.

1. Focus. Try to focus onto one thing at a time instead of looking at the everything at one time. This means if you look at a face, look first at the left eye, move to the right eye, then the nose and so on and so forth.
2. Move your neck. When you focus, that means you have to move your attention. Don't just move your eyes when you do this. Move your neck as you move your eyes.
3. Sketch. When you focus and move around, it is often easier for you to "sketch" the outline of the things that you see before going into the details.

When you first start practicing sketching, focusing and moving, it is inevitable you'll find it strange and "inefficient". This is because you'll be learning how to do it - remember, when you first start walking, you wobble too. But rest assured that you'll get used to it and you'll then notice a mark improvement in regaining your vision.

Due to space and linking limitations, I can't go into the details of even MORE eye exercises. So I have set-up a website where you can find more information. Visit my website now to find out how you can naturally improve vision.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Katie_Chan

Throw Out Your Glasses - Natural Way to See Clearly

By Joe Aditya

Throw out your glasses while you are in need of it? Sounds like a mission impossible for those who are fully dependent from a pair of glasses or contact lenses. For years, glasses are well-known as a device to correct the eyesight so we can see clearly However, this kind of thing is not the best solution, especially for those who do not want to be disturbed by sliding down spectacles or heavy frame that cause black spot around the upper nose.
As the medical science improved with new inventories, there are some ways to make people who suffer myopia, amblyopia and other eye problems can see much clearer. One of them is contact lens. Just put the thin membrane like lenses onto the eyes, and voila! a clear as normal eyesight is obtained. However, there is still a weak side of contact lens. You must regularly clean up your lens so it will not harm your eyes from infection. Moreover, you can not do some kind of sports as free as you want, because it will harm your sight for the lenses are getting wet by your sweat.
So, how to throw out your glasses but you can see anything clearly? It's so simple. There is a nice method which is called natural way to see clearly. This method firstly created in 1880 by Dr. William Horatio Bates, a New York ophthalmologist who thought, if broken bones could be healed, why couldn't damaged eyesight? Dr. Bates said that glasses were harmful and never necessary. So he developed a method to make eyesight improved and even better, so people do not use glasses and contact lenses, or even do an expensive lasik surgery just to obtain the better eyesight. It's not instantly correcting your eyesight, but it works when you do it.

For more information, you can go here. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Joe_Aditya

How to Improve Eyesight With 3 Simple Eye Exercises

By Katie Chan 

In this article, I will show you how to do three of the most effective eye exercises that I know of. Interestingly, these eye exercises do not have anything to do with your eyes. They mostly improve your brain instead.
Why? Because the organ that truly "sees" is not your eyes. It's you brain. Your eyes are merely windows in which light rays can reach your brain. It is your brain that decodes those light rays into the image that you see now.
Now, the reasons why these eye exercises work is complex and long. Therefore I will not go into the details here. If you would like to know the why, simply visit my website through the link below. Now let's start with the how:

1. Your imagination is perhaps the most powerful weapon you have in improving your eyesight. Just through imagining clear vision without glasses, you can literally change your brain's neuronal links. This shift in neuronal links can lead to different interpretation of the message your brain is getting from your eyes - and thus improves eyesight.
2. When you palm, block out all other disruptions. Find a quiet place and place your palms on your eyes - don't press on them. This makes sure no light passes through your eyes so you can fully concentrate on your imagination. In truth, your brain cannot differentiate imagination and reality.
3. Take a deep breaths when you are imagining. Relax your shoulders and your neck. Make sure you imagine something that relaxes you - perhaps a puppy, a toddler or even a stretch of sandy beach.

If you like to learn MORE eye exercises, simply visit my website for more useful articles. It contains a more detailed explanation and advanced eye exercises that you can try at home.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Katie_Chan

Contact Lenses - What You Should Know

By Sarah Nabila

With modern inventions a lot of progressive work has been done in the field of Contact lenses, which is a great invention. Some people use lenses as an accessory displaying their personality but most some use them as a cure for weak eyesight. Lenses are available in varieties to be used such as hard lenses, soft lenses, and routines usage lenses. The characteristic of these are:

Hard contacts
The material used in these eye product is inflexible. These eye equipment are available in various bifocal forms for certain conditions of the eye. Some precautions for such lenses that should be taken are:

1. Lenses irritate eyes as contact lenses gets older
2. Eye irritation & dizzy vision are produced while blinking eyes.
3. As time passes, lenses get discolored and feel stiff in the eye.

Now we may discuss some advantages and disadvantages of contact lenses.
1. Various colors are available in lenses as they don't affect their ability to function plus they add buoyancy to deprived vision.
2. It is beneficial to those who work in humid conditions, sports etc.
3. Lenses do not leave any spots on the nose as by glasses.
4. Problems may be created if contact lenses are not replaced with standard time in between.

Soft contacts that are now easily available are:

Daily Disposables
1. These lenses are just to be used for a single day.
2. No need to clean the eye product on a daily basis.
3. These are the best solution for reduction of dry eye, irritation and scheduling as these are best for those who are suffer from allergies to lenses.

Silicone Extended Wear Disposables
1. Silicon Hydro-gel material is used to make the lenses and they are used for a month on a continuous basis.
2. It reduces eye irritations and problems.

Usual wear lenses
1. Contacts take little time to get used to and are more popular now that they come in a variety of colors.
2. Special cleaning solution is available to clean and disinfect.

The Author is an expert in article writing and has done a lot of research online and offline. Come visit his latest websites on Cheap Contact Lens and Acuvue Color Contacts

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Sarah_Nabila

A Fashionable New Look With Contact Lens

By Sarah Nabila

There are a lot of ways to look fashionable. Contact lens has paved its way to the public view. These are very fine plastics fitted to eye. They come in colors desired by the one who's about to be fitted. Others wear it to correct some errors of refractions.

Stigmatism, nearsightedness and farsightedness are some problems that can be resolve by contacts without jumping into the blade. The infamous eyeglasses became a history because of lenses. But there are some who prefer to wear eyeglasses because they can't keep up with the responsibilities accompanied of having a pair of contact lenses.

If there are benefits, of course, there's disadvantages attached to it. The person may manifest unusual sensitivity to light, itching, blurring or even corneal lacerations. It is advised that person wearing contacts to be alert if they have experienced any symptoms. Aside from that, some physical activities are also limited if you're having contact lenses.

Moreover, hanging with your lenses by the pools is an example of physical restriction brought about by having a pair of contact lenses. Daily care for the contact lenses is another burden that the wearer is about to think of. If you're forgetful and lazy to clean your contact lenses, it is not advisable to have it with you because the chance of having an infection is also high. Regular check ups also add up to the responsibility of the wearer.

Benefits still outweighs the disadvantages of having a pair of lenses. Visit an ophthalmologist for complete data regarding contacts. Another best source would be surfing the net. You'll have countless result regarding the trendy lens.

The Author is an expert in article writing and has done a lot of research online and offline. Come visit his latest websites on Cheap Contact Lens and Acuvue Color Contacts

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Sarah_Nabila

Buying Contact Lenses Online - Save Time and Money

By Julie Swinton

There are many benefits to buying contact lenses online. You will almost certainly find that you save money and you will also save time as you don't have to keep going back to your optician every time you need new lenses.

Buying your contact lenses online gives you the opportunity to shop around for the best deals from the comfort of your home. There are lots of discount contact lens offers and lots of places you can buy lenses. Many big supermarkets now offer contact lenses and they will compete with each other to offer you the best price.

If you buy your lenses from an online store you will find that you are getting the same lenses that you would get from your own optician. Even if you are buying a supermarket's own brand, these are usually all made by the same manufacturer and by buying the generic product rather than the brand it is possible to make big savings.

There are plenty of well known online outlets for contact lenses online, so you don't need to compromise on quality. If you are not sure about a website then don't use it. There are enough well known brands offering cheap contact lenses online that you don't need to take risks.

Talking of taking risks, you will usually find that you still need a prescription, even when you are buying lenses online. If you look hard enough you will find somewhere on the web where you don't need a prescription but it really isn't worth the risk. It is usually illegal to sell lenses without a prescription and really, it makes sense to have regular eye check-ups, ensuring that you always have an up to date prescription. Most online suppliers will check with your optician to make sure that your prescription is accurate and up to date so there's really no way round this.

Buying contact lenses online will save you a lot of money and time and give you a much bigger choice.

To find out more about buying contact lenses online, please visit http://www.contactlenseswithoutaprescription.com

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